383 lines
13 KiB
Python
383 lines
13 KiB
Python
"""
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经典贪吃蛇游戏
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使用方向键控制蛇的移动，吃到食物后蛇会变长
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撞墙或撞到自己则游戏结束
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"""
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import pygame
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import random
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import sys
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from enum import Enum
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from typing import Tuple, List
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class Direction(Enum):
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"""方向枚举"""
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UP = (0, -1)
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DOWN = (0, 1)
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LEFT = (-1, 0)
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RIGHT = (1, 0)
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class SnakeGame:
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"""贪吃蛇游戏类"""
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def __init__(self, width: int = 800, height: int = 600, cell_size: int = 20):
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"""
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初始化游戏
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Args:
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width: 游戏窗口宽度
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height: 游戏窗口高度
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cell_size: 每个格子的大小
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"""
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self.width = width
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self.height = height
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self.cell_size = cell_size
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# 计算网格数量
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self.grid_width = width // cell_size
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self.grid_height = height // cell_size
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# 初始化 Pygame
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pygame.init()
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self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
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pygame.display.set_caption("🐍 经典贪吃蛇")
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self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()
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# 字体
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self.font_large = pygame.font.Font(None, 74)
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self.font_medium = pygame.font.Font(None, 48)
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self.font_small = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)
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# 颜色定义
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self.colors = {
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'background': (15, 23, 42), # 深蓝色背景
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'snake_head': (34, 197, 94), # 绿色蛇头
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'snake_body': (22, 163, 74), # 深绿色蛇身
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'food': (239, 68, 68), # 红色食物
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'grid': (30, 41, 59), # 网格线
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'text': (255, 255, 255), # 白色文字
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'score_bg': (51, 65, 85) # 分数背景
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}
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# 游戏状态
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self.reset_game()
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def reset_game(self):
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"""重置游戏状态"""
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# 蛇的初始位置（中心）
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start_x = self.grid_width // 2
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start_y = self.grid_height // 2
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self.snake: List[Tuple[int, int]] = [
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(start_x, start_y),
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(start_x - 1, start_y),
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(start_x - 2, start_y)
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]
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# 初始方向（向右）
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self.direction = Direction.RIGHT
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self.next_direction = Direction.RIGHT
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# 生成第一个食物
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self.food = self._generate_food()
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# 游戏状态
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self.score = 0
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self.game_over = False
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self.paused = False
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self.speed = 10 # 初始速度（FPS）
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def _generate_food(self) -> Tuple[int, int]:
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"""
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生成食物位置
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Returns:
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食物的坐标 (x, y)
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"""
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while True:
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food_pos = (
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random.randint(0, self.grid_width - 1),
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random.randint(0, self.grid_height - 1)
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)
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# 确保食物不会生成在蛇身上
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if food_pos not in self.snake:
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return food_pos
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def _handle_events(self):
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"""处理事件"""
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for event in pygame.event.get():
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if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
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return False
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if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
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if self.game_over:
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if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE or event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
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self.reset_game()
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elif event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
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return False
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else:
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# 暂停功能
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if event.key == pygame.K_p:
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self.paused = not self.paused
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# 方向控制
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if event.key in [pygame.K_UP, pygame.K_w]:
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if self.direction != Direction.DOWN:
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self.next_direction = Direction.UP
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elif event.key in [pygame.K_DOWN, pygame.K_s]:
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if self.direction != Direction.UP:
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self.next_direction = Direction.DOWN
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elif event.key in [pygame.K_LEFT, pygame.K_a]:
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if self.direction != Direction.RIGHT:
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self.next_direction = Direction.LEFT
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elif event.key in [pygame.K_RIGHT, pygame.K_d]:
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if self.direction != Direction.LEFT:
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self.next_direction = Direction.RIGHT
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elif event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
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return False
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return True
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def _update(self):
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"""更新游戏状态"""
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if self.game_over or self.paused:
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return
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# 更新方向
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self.direction = self.next_direction
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# 计算新的头部位置
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head_x, head_y = self.snake[0]
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dx, dy = self.direction.value
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new_head = (head_x + dx, head_y + dy)
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# 检查碰撞
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if self._check_collision(new_head):
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self.game_over = True
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return
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# 移动蛇
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self.snake.insert(0, new_head)
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# 检查是否吃到食物
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if new_head == self.food:
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self.score += 10
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self.food = self._generate_food()
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# 每吃 5 个食物加速一次
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if self.score % 50 == 0:
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self.speed = min(self.speed + 2, 25) # 最大速度 25
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else:
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# 没吃到食物，移除尾部
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self.snake.pop()
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def _check_collision(self, position: Tuple[int, int]) -> bool:
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"""
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检查碰撞
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Args:
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position: 要检查的位置
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Returns:
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是否发生碰撞
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"""
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x, y = position
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# 撞墙
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if x < 0 or x >= self.grid_width or y < 0 or y >= self.grid_height:
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return True
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# 撞到自己
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if position in self.snake:
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return True
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return False
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def _draw_grid(self):
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"""绘制网格背景"""
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for x in range(0, self.width, self.cell_size):
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pygame.draw.line(self.screen, self.colors['grid'],
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(x, 0), (x, self.height))
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for y in range(0, self.height, self.cell_size):
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pygame.draw.line(self.screen, self.colors['grid'],
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(0, y), (self.width, y))
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def _draw_snake(self):
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"""绘制蛇"""
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for i, (x, y) in enumerate(self.snake):
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rect = pygame.Rect(
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x * self.cell_size,
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y * self.cell_size,
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self.cell_size - 2,
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self.cell_size - 2
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)
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# 蛇头颜色不同
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color = self.colors['snake_head'] if i == 0 else self.colors['snake_body']
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pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, color, rect, border_radius=5)
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# 画蛇眼睛
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if i == 0:
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eye_size = 4
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if self.direction == Direction.UP:
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eye1_pos = (x * self.cell_size + 5, y * self.cell_size + 5)
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eye2_pos = (x * self.cell_size + self.cell_size - 9, y * self.cell_size + 5)
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elif self.direction == Direction.DOWN:
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eye1_pos = (x * self.cell_size + 5, y * self.cell_size + self.cell_size - 9)
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eye2_pos = (x * self.cell_size + self.cell_size - 9, y * self.cell_size + self.cell_size - 9)
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elif self.direction == Direction.LEFT:
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eye1_pos = (x * self.cell_size + 5, y * self.cell_size + 5)
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eye2_pos = (x * self.cell_size + 5, y * self.cell_size + self.cell_size - 9)
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else: # RIGHT
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eye1_pos = (x * self.cell_size + self.cell_size - 9, y * self.cell_size + 5)
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eye2_pos = (x * self.cell_size + self.cell_size - 9, y * self.cell_size + self.cell_size - 9)
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pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, (255, 255, 255), eye1_pos, eye_size)
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pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, (255, 255, 255), eye2_pos, eye_size)
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def _draw_food(self):
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"""绘制食物"""
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x, y = self.food
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center_x = x * self.cell_size + self.cell_size // 2
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center_y = y * self.cell_size + self.cell_size // 2
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# 画圆形食物
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pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, self.colors['food'],
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(center_x, center_y), self.cell_size // 2 - 2)
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# 画高光
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highlight_pos = (center_x - 3, center_y - 3)
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pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, (255, 100, 100), highlight_pos, 3)
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def _draw_score(self):
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"""绘制分数"""
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# 分数背景
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score_rect = pygame.Rect(10, 10, 200, 50)
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pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, self.colors['score_bg'], score_rect, border_radius=10)
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# 分数文字
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score_text = self.font_small.render(f"Score: {self.score}", True, self.colors['text'])
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self.screen.blit(score_text, (20, 25))
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# 速度显示
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speed_text = self.font_small.render(f"Speed: {self.speed}", True, self.colors['text'])
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self.screen.blit(speed_text, (120, 25))
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def _draw_game_over(self):
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"""绘制游戏结束画面"""
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# 半透明遮罩
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overlay = pygame.Surface((self.width, self.height))
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overlay.set_alpha(128)
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overlay.fill((0, 0, 0))
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self.screen.blit(overlay, (0, 0))
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# 游戏结束文字
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game_over_text = self.font_large.render("GAME OVER", True, self.colors['food'])
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text_rect = game_over_text.get_rect(center=(self.width // 2, self.height // 2 - 50))
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self.screen.blit(game_over_text, text_rect)
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# 分数
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score_text = self.font_medium.render(f"Final Score: {self.score}", True, self.colors['text'])
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score_rect = score_text.get_rect(center=(self.width // 2, self.height // 2 + 20))
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self.screen.blit(score_text, score_rect)
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# 提示文字
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hint_text = self.font_small.render("Press SPACE to Restart", True, self.colors['text'])
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hint_rect = hint_text.get_rect(center=(self.width // 2, self.height // 2 + 80))
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self.screen.blit(hint_text, hint_rect)
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hint_text2 = self.font_small.render("Press ESC to Quit", True, self.colors['text'])
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hint_rect2 = hint_text2.get_rect(center=(self.width // 2, self.height // 2 + 120))
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self.screen.blit(hint_text2, hint_rect2)
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def _draw_paused(self):
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"""绘制暂停画面"""
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# 半透明遮罩
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overlay = pygame.Surface((self.width, self.height))
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overlay.set_alpha(128)
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overlay.fill((0, 0, 0))
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self.screen.blit(overlay, (0, 0))
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# 暂停文字
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pause_text = self.font_large.render("PAUSED", True, self.colors['text'])
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text_rect = pause_text.get_rect(center=(self.width // 2, self.height // 2))
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self.screen.blit(pause_text, text_rect)
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hint_text = self.font_small.render("Press P to Resume", True, self.colors['text'])
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hint_rect = hint_text.get_rect(center=(self.width // 2, self.height // 2 + 60))
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self.screen.blit(hint_text, hint_rect)
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def draw(self):
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"""绘制游戏画面"""
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# 清空屏幕
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self.screen.fill(self.colors['background'])
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# 绘制网格
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self._draw_grid()
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# 绘制食物
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self._draw_food()
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# 绘制蛇
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self._draw_snake()
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# 绘制分数
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self._draw_score()
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# 游戏结束画面
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if self.game_over:
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self._draw_game_over()
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# 暂停画面
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if self.paused:
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self._draw_paused()
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# 更新显示
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pygame.display.flip()
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def run(self):
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"""运行游戏主循环"""
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running = True
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while running:
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# 处理事件
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running = self._handle_events()
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# 更新游戏状态
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self._update()
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# 绘制画面
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self.draw()
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# 控制帧率
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self.clock.tick(self.speed)
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pygame.quit()
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sys.exit()
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def main():
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"""主函数"""
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print("=" * 60)
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print("🐍 经典贪吃蛇游戏")
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print("=" * 60)
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print("\n游戏说明:")
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print(" - 使用方向键 ↑↓←→ 或 WASD 控制蛇的移动")
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print(" - 吃到红色食物可以得分并变长")
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print(" - 撞墙或撞到自己则游戏结束")
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print(" - 按 P 键暂停游戏")
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print(" - 按 ESC 键退出游戏")
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print(" - 按空格键重新开始")
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print("\n每吃 5 个食物，速度会加快哦！")
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print("=" * 60)
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print("\n正在启动游戏...")
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game = SnakeGame()
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game.run()
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main()
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